The "Carrefour International"

Most national pavilions at Expo 67 had integrated gift shops and restaurants to satisfy the visitor's desire for folkloric souvenirs and exotic foods.

For those that didn't want to face the hours of queuing required to enter said pavilions, another area at Expo offered a one-stop international shopping and dining experience: the "Carrefour International".

Located at the northern tip of the La Ronde amusement area, the Carrefour International was a vast plaza of shops and restaurants, operated by many of the same countries as those found in the rest of Expo 67.

The complex was a series of triangular units with walls of plywood skin and pyramidal roofs; the visual emphasis was on pictorial graphics and lighting. Courtyards, fountains and trees dotted the entire area.

The Carrefour was comprised of 40 small shops and boutiques, some 400 square feet each. Sit-down restaurants included a Bavarian Beer Garden (seating 750), an English pub (seating 175), a Swiss fondue restaurant (seating 170), a Czechoslovakian restaurant (seating 150), a Dutch restaurant (seating 100), and a Hawaiian theatre-restaurant with Polynesian food and entertainment.

8 snack bars and 7 food shops specializing in foreign items completed the Carrefour's gastronomic offerings.

One of the prominent features of the International Carrefour was an elaborately decorated antique carrousel, already over 100 years old by 1967. Built in Belgium, it had been completely restored to its original splendor, though the original steam power had been replaced by electricity. Visual and sound effects ensured that the old time charm of steam operation was preserved.

From Expo Inside Out, a shopper's guide to Carrefour International:

"The easiest and best place to shop is in Carrefour International on Ile Ronde - amidst the restaurants, merry go round, post-office and bank. The best boutiques are:

Morocco ★★★★★
– excellent leather: hassocks, shoes, purses, wallets – rugs – brass.
Iranian Handicrafts ★★★★★
– carpets – fur hats – mitts – jewelry – linens. All at very reasonable prices.
Tunisia ★★★
– Leather shoes – perfume – silver jewelry.
Cuba ★★★
– Cigars – humidors – straw bags.
Africa ★★★
– Skins - beads – wood carvings.
Yugoslavia ★★★
– Suede Coats – shoes – linens.
The following boutiques have a few interesting items: Germany ★★ has knives, dolls, and stuffed animals but most of these items can be bought in department stores in Montreal, anytime. U.S.S.R. ★★ has wooden toys and dishes and amber. The Swiss Fondue Pot ★★: after enjoying Swiss Fondue in the restaurant, you can buy fondue pots and cheese to take home. Swiss candy is also on sale. And Thailand ★★ has a selection of jewelry and silver."

The video below shows footage of this "Swiss Fondue Pot" restaurant located in the Carrefour. Legend has it that the popularity of cheese fondue in 60's Quebec is directly related to its presence at Expo. The video's narrator even states that chocolate fondue was a dessert specially created for Expo 67...!



images: (1) Dixon Slide Collection
(2 and 4) expo67.ncf.ca
(3) personal collection, from the Man and His World 1968 guide
With special thanks to DC Hillier for his retouching skills on photo 1.

Expo 67 in One Day

Only one day to visit Expo 67...? No problem!

From Expo Inside Out, a no-nonsense guide to seeing the best of Expo, in just one day:

"Take the Metro to Sainte-Hélène, arriving at 9:30am. Go immediately to the United States pavilion (you can't miss it); and get in line for the film (which includes the tour). Allow two hours, which means you should be out before 11:30.

Get in line for the U.S. pavilion first thing in the morning.

"You won't have to wait in line long if you lunch early. Try the restaurant in one of the following pavilions (all a short walk from the U.S.): Scandinavia, Austria, Switzerland, Japan. With care and luck, you will eat well for 5$ each. We'll allow you until 1pm to eat.

"An hour is plenty to take in Japan and will even give you some time to rest in its garden.

Take the time to rest in Japan's garden.

"By 2:30 you should have found your way to the theme pavilion, 'Man the Explorer'. See 'Man and the Polar Regions' and 'Man, his Planet and Space'. By 4:30, you should be out.

"Walk back towards the United States, and turn right at Cosmos Walk, the pedestrian bridge across Le Moyne Channel. (If you're tired, take a Pedicab for about 1$).

Cross Cosmos Walk, the pedestrian bridge...

... or take a Pedicab if you're tired.

"Take a good look at the U.S.S.R., but don't go in. Cross Île-Notre-Dame and turn right again, past Mexico and India to Barbados-Guyana, where we suggest you stop and have a drink (our recommendation: BIM BAM BOOM), to the accompaniment of a calypso group and macaws.

Have a drink at the Barbados-Guyana pavilion.

"By 6:00pm, you should be ready for supper in Canada's 'Tundra' restaurant, which is two buildings past the teepee of the Indians of Canada (allow 15$ for two.)

Have dinner at Canada's Tundra restaurant.

"Try not to miss the last showing of 'A place to Stand' in the Ontario Pavilion (get there by 9pm).

"We wouldn't blame you if your energy has given out, but if you're still going strong, walk over to the Minirail Station opposite the Western Provinces and take the Blue Minirail (a 45 minute ride for 50¢). Don't get off too early - you pass through some stations twice. This is the best time to take the Minirail; you see Expo lit up at night and you won't have to wait in line.

Take the Minirail at night... it's the best time.

"After that, you may want to visit the Amusement Center (La Ronde). Walk to the Expo-Express Station (Île Notre Dame) and take the Expo Express to La Ronde, at the end of Île Sainte-Hélène. From there you are at the mercy of the barkers and your own impulse to spend money.

Finish off your day at Expo 67 at La Ronde.

"To get home, use the La Ronde exit, and take a bus to the Metro (Papineau station) and you're on your way."

images: (1) montage by author
(2-3-8-9) Bill Dutfield
(4) flickr.com
(5) library and archives Canada
(6) personal collection
(7) courtesy DC Hillier

Fashion at Expo 67

From Expo Inside Out, a look at fashion at Expo 67:

"Some of the most contemporary styles are those worn by visitors to the site, but for more formal fashion presentations, go inside a number of pavilions. One of the most interesting takes place in the USSR pavilion several times a day. The Russians are trying to break into the international fashion world market, and their hem-lines, faltering nervously above the knee, reflect a concession to decadent mini-skirts and western tastes.

Russian fashion exhibited at Expo 67, designed by Vyacheslav Zaitsev.

"The French put on a magnificent display of magnificent clothes from Balenciaga, Balmain, Chanel, Dior, Givenchy, St. Laurent - the list is endless. The ground floor is devoted to the City of Paris and its current modes; upstairs, selections from the fall collections of the greats are shown with typical Expo film flare. Some of the most spectacular jewelry in the world are shown here, too, at times manages to eclipse the fashions.

"You can see a fur fashion show and eat at the same time in the Scandanavian pavilion restaurant. A collection of native furs is modelled twice daily, at lunch and dinner-time, by assorted Canadian and Scandanavian beauties.

"Pucci, a favorite of Jacqueline Kennedy and the jet set in general (they're the only ones who can afford him), and the Fontana Sisters are featured in Italian fashion presentations. The Sisters also did the hostesses' bright red, swinging uniforms. They're nice to look at but the most dramatic uniform is, appropriately enough, worn by the French Pavilion hostesses who are done up in silver lamé packages.

Expo's hostesses were fashion plates in themselves.

"Fashion shows at the Canadian pavilion are held every Thursday afternoon in the outdoor theatre. Some of the clothes are appealing, but too often a nationalistic fervor to show every Canadian designer whether he's good, bad or just plain awful, prevails over good taste. Hostesses here, as in most other pavilions, are dressed in modified national costume - sedate, simple little dresses, nice but definitely unspectacular. For national dress, the African hostesses top the list.

A dress display in the Swiss pavilion.

"There are also fashion and jewelry displays at many of the other pavilions. The most important of these include Belgium, for diamonds; Czechoslovakia, for jewelry; India, for gorgeous materials; and Switzerland, with a display of exquisite watches."

images: (1) author's own
(2) z3000.livejournal.com
(3) Life magazine online archive
(4) the Bill Cotter collection

Crowded Day Routine at Expo 67

On this day in 1967, the attendance at Expo 67 was 315,490 visitors!

From Expo Inside Out, what to do at Expo during especially crowded days:

"When there are more than 250,000 people on the Expo site, it's crowded. And on holiday weekends, especially, that's the way it is. So remember:

If you must see a pavilion, head for it, line up, and stay in line. Wandering from line-up to line-up is frustrating and pointless.

Canada, Ontario, India, Mexico, the African Nations, and the U.S.S.R. are best-bet national pavilions. They can absorb large crowds, and their line-ups move fast.

Man the Provider and Man the Producer are best-bet theme pavilions, for the same reasons.

Taking a walk... through parks, through the sculpture garden, or around the site, with an eye to the architecture, is not settling for second best. Much of Expo's atmosphere, beauty, and interest is on the outside, and it helps to bear that in mind.

Don't try restaurants - especially the big, posh ones, at regular meal hours. Bring a lunch.

Wait until evening to take the minirail."

images: (top) personal collection
(bottom) image source unknown

Expo Inside Out!

Another magazine figures prominently in my Expo 67 collection. Acquired in 1997, Expo Inside Out! was my first ever Expo collectible.

Ironically, the item that inaugurated my collection was not in any way an official souvenir. Published by Omniscope Magazine of Westmount, Quebec, Expo Inside Out! was a 48-page unauthorized guide to "what to see" and "what to avoid", at Expo 67.

From the foreword:

"We have not attempted an encyclopedia of Expo. Nor have we collected hymns of praise for Man and his World. [...] Our guide is highly unauthorized [...] Our research was done without benefit of red-carpet V.I.P. treatment, and all opinions expressed here are either personal or objective. They are not Expo approved."

Using a 5-star rating system, every pavilion, many rides and shows, as well as some services were scrutinized by this publication. Every facet of touring Expo 67 was discussed, including restaurant and bar reviews, shopping guides, and touring Expo with children. Various pre-planned tours were proposed for those visiting with time constraints. Routines were suggested for rainy and/or overly crowded days.

The result offers a completely different view of Expo 67. Often funny, the scathing reviews are my favorites:

"Venezuela is the fastest pavilion at Expo
if you skip the film. Skip the film."
•
"Germany is a pavilion through which you
walk slowly, wondering what you're missing..."
•
"[La Spirale] spirals up. It spirals down.
What did you expect for a dollar?"

images: personal collection